Abu Hurairah narrated that : Allah's Messenger said: "When a Muslim, or believer, performs Wudu', washing his face, every evil that he looked at with his eyes leaves with the water - or with the last drop of water, or an expression similar to that - and when he washes his hands, every evil he did with his hands leaves with the water - or with the last drop of water - until he becomes free of sin." [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/635/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu'anhu) reports that Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) said When the Muslim (or 'Believing') servant makes wudoo and washes his face then the sin of everything he looked at with his eye comes
away with the water, or with the last drop of the water, and when he washes his hands then the sin of everything he stretched out his hands to comes away with the water, or with the last drop of the water. And when he
washes his feet every sin which his feet walked towards comes away with the water or with the last drop of the water - so that he leaves clean (clear/pure) from sins. [Reported by Muslim (1/148) and others].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

PERFORMING THE WUDOO IN THE ORDER MENTIONED IN THE AYAAH

Allaah ta'ala says: O Ye who believe! When ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces,and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles [soorat-ul-Maa'idah, 5:7]

Al-Miqdaam ibn Ma'd Yakrib said: I came to the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) with water for wudoo , so he washed his hands three times, then washed his face three times, then washed his forearms three times, then washed his mouth and nose three times, then wiped his head and ears - their outsides and insides - and washed each of his feet three times. [Ahmad (4/132), Abu Dawood (1/19) with Saheeh isnaad.

Following is a step-by-step guide for perfroming Wudu based on teh authentic tradition of the Prophet (SAW):

1. AT-TASMIYYAH (MENTIONING ALLAAH'S NAME)
2. WASHING THE HANDS
3. WASHING THE MOUTH AND NOSE TOGETHER WITH ONE HANDFUL (OF WATER)
4. WASHING THE MOUTH
5. WASHING THE NOSE AND EXPELLING THE WATER
6. WASHING THE FACE
7. RUNNING WATER THROUGH THE BEARD WITH THE FINGERS
8. WASHING THE ARMS INCLUDING THE ELBOWS
9. WIPING THE HEAD AND EARS AND 'IMAAMAH
10. WASHING THE FEET AND ANKLES

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

Rabah bin Abdur-Rahman bin Abi Sufyan bin Huwaitib narrated from his grandmother, from her father; she said (that he said): "I heard Allah's Messenger saying: there is no Wudu for one who does not mention Allah's Name over it." [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/638/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

 Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

WASHING THE HANDS: 

Humraan (radhiAllaahu'anhu) narrates that 'Uthmaan called for water to make wudoo and washed his hands three times... then said: I saw Rasoolullah (sallallaahu'alaihi wa sallam)make wudoo just as I have made wudoo . [Al-Bukhaaree and
Muslim, and as preceded].

Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said When one of you awakes from sleep then let him not enter his hand into the bowl/vessel until he washes it three times as he does not know where
his hand has spent the night. [Al-Bukhaaree (Fath ul-Baaree, 1/229), Muslim and it is his wording, as al-Bukhaaree doesn't report "three times"].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

Images: http://minhajulmadina.blogspot.com/2014/10/wudu-according-to-hanafi-fiqh.html

WASHING THE MOUTH

• In the hadeeth of 'Amr ibn Yahyaa (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) he said: And he washed his mouth and nose using three handfuls of water. [Muslim, 3/123].

• In the hadeeth of'Aa'ishah (radhiAllaahu'anhaa) in which she describes the wudoo of the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) that he said When you make wudoo then wash your mouth. [Al-Baihaqi says: 'Its isnaad is saheeh.' And it contains an addition to the previous hadeeth of 'Aa'ishah in Abu Dawood, no.l43].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

WASHING THE NOSE AND EXPELLING THE WATER

• Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu'anhu) narrates that the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) said When one of you makes wudoo then let him enter water into his nose, then expel it. [Al-Bukhaaree (al-Fath, 1/229), Muslim (no.237), Abu Dawood (no. 140)].
• Exerting in sniffing in the water as long as you are not fasting is reported in the hadeeth of Laqeet (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) who said: O Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam), inform me of the wudoo . He said Complete the wudoo and rub between the fingers and exert in breathing in the water into the nose unless you are fasting. [Abu Dawood, no.l42; At-Tirmidhee, no.38; An-nasaa'ee, no.ll4; IbMaajah, no.407; and others]. (Declared as saheeh by Ibn Hibbaan and al- Haalcim, and adh-Dhahabee agreed to that. Also declared as saheeh by Ibn al Qaataan, AnNawawi and Ibn Hajr. Refer to the footnote in al-Baghawi's Sharh us-Sunnah: 1/417].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

RUNNING WATER THROUGH THE BEARD WITH THE FINGERS

• Hassan bin Bilal said: "1 saw Ammar bin Yasir performing Wudu, so he went through his beard (with his hand). It was said to him" - or he said - "1 said: 'You go through your beard?' He said: 'And what is there to prevent me? Indeed I saw Allah's Messenger going through his beard.'" [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/641/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

• 'Uthmaan (radhiAllaahu'anhu) narrates that the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi  wa sallam) used to run his (wet fingers) through his beard. [At-Tirmidhee (no.31), Ibn Maajah (no.430), Ibn Jaarood (p.43) and al-Haakim (1/14~) who declared its isnaad as saheeh as did Ibn Khuzaimah and Ibn Hibbaan. See the note in al-Baghagawi's Sharh us-Sunnah, 1/421].

• Anas (radhiAllaahu'anhu) narrates that the Prophet (sallallaahu'alaihi wa sallam), when he made wudoo , used to take a handful of water and enter it below his chin and rub it through his beard and said This is what my Lord - the Great and Exalted - has ordered me to do. [Abo Dawood (no.145), al-Baihaqee (1/54), alHaakim (1/149). Ash-Shaikh al-Albaani declares it to be saheeh (Saheeh ul-Jaami', no.4572)].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

WASHING THE FACE

The face (wajh) is determined as being everything between the beginnings of the hair down to the cheeks and the chin, and up to the start of the ears including
that which is between the beard and ear.

Allaah ta'ala says: O Ye who believe! When ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash)
your feet to the ankles. [soorat-ul-Maa'idah,5:7]

Humraan ibn Abaan narrates that 'Uthmaan (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) called for water to make wudoo and so mentioned the way in which the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallam) made wudoo . Humraan said: Then he washed his face three times. [AlBukhaaree (al-Fath, 1/312), Muslim (no.226)].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

WASHING THE ARMS INCLUDING THE ELBOWS

Note: The arms here which we are ordered to wash begin with the fingertips and
hands - which are to be included in this washing - they being part of the arm
(yad)
which we are ordered to Wash in the aayah.
Allaah ta'ala says: O Ye who believe! When ye prepare for prayer, wash your
faces,
and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash)
your feet to the ankles. [soorat-ul-Maa'idah,5:7]

Jaabir (radhiAllaahu'anhu) said that when the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa
sallarn) made wudoo , he would pass the water over his elbows. [Reported by
adDaaraqutnee
(1/15), al-Baihaqee (1/56) and others - Ibn Hajr declared it to be
hasan. And Ash-Shaikh al-Albaanee declared it to be saheeh (Saheeh ul-Jaami',
4547)].

WIPING THE HEAD AND EARS AND 'IMAAMAH

1. Wiping over all of the head as Allaah ta'ala says: ...rub your heads (with water) [Soorat-ul-Maa'idah 5:7]

'Abdullah bin Zaid narrated that : he saw the Prophet performing Wudu, and that he wiped his head with water that was not left over from his hands. [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/643/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

Ar-Rubayy bint Mu'awidh bin Afra narrated that : she saw the Prophet performing Wudu. She said: "He wiped his head, and what is in the front of it and what is in its rear, and his temples and his ears one time." [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/642/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

THE WAY OF WIPING

38. From 'Abdullaah ibn 'Amr - about the way of performing wudoo - he said: Then he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) wiped his head and entered his two
forefingers into his ears and wiped the backs of his ears with his thumbs. [Reported by Abu Dawood (no.135), an-Nasaa'ee (no.140), Ibn Maajah (no.422) and authenticated by Ibn [Khuzairnah].

WIPING OVER THE 'IMAAMAH (TURBAN) ONLY

39. 'Amr ibn Umayyah (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: I saw Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) wipe over his turban and leather socks. [Reported by al-
Bukhaaree (al Fath, 1/266) and others].

40. Bilaal (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) reports that the Prophet (sallallaahu'alaihi wa sallam) wiped over the leather socks and the head cover. [Reported by Muslim, 1/159].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

THE WAY OF WIPING

From 'Abdullaah ibn 'Amr - about the way of performing wudoo - he said: Then he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) wiped his head and entered his two
forefingers into his ears and wiped the backs of his ears with his thumbs. [Reported by Abu Dawood (no.135), an-Nasaa'ee (no.140), Ibn Maajah (no.422) and authenticated by Ibn Khuzairnah].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

WASHING THE FEET AND ANKLES

Quran " ...and (wash) your feet to the ankles" [Soorat-ul-Maa'idah 5:7] [thus ordering the washing of the feet and ankles].

Al-Mustawrid bin Shaddad Al-Fihri said : "I saw the Prophet when he was performing Wudu doing that to the toes on his feet with his pinky." [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/647/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

Ibn Abbas narrated that : Allah's Messenger said: "When performing Wudu go between the fingers of your hands and (toes of) your feet." [<a style="color: teal; font-weight: bold;" onclick="open_evidence_on_modal('/index.php/evidence/view/646/1');" > Jami al-Tirmidhi </a>]

Ibn 'Umar (radhiAllaahu 'anhumaa) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) fell behind us and then came upon us during a journey, then we found him and it was time for 'Asr - so we began to make wudoo and wipe over our feet, so he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) called out at the top of his voice Woe to the ankles from the Fire. (two or three times) [Al-Bukhaaree (al Fath, 1/232) and Muslim, 3/128].

Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that Abd ar- Rahman ibn Abi Bakr was visiting A'isha, the wife of the Prophet, may AIIah bless him and grant him peace, on the day that Sad ibn Abi Waqqas died, and he asked for some water to do wudu. A'isha said to him, ''Abd ar-Rahman! Perform your wudu fully, for I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Woe to the heels in the fire.' "[ Malik]

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

THOSE THINGS WHICH BREAK WUDOO

(1) THAT WHICH COMES OUT FROM THE TWO PRIVATE PARTS (FRONT AND BACK)

Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam)said Allaah does not accept the prayer of any one of you having committed hadath until he makes wudoo. [Al-Bukhaaree (al Fath, 1/206) and Muslim (no.245)].

67. An-Nawawi says in 'al-Majmoo' (2/3) as for that which comes out of the two private parts - then it breaks wudoo according to Allaah ta'alas saying: Aw jaa'a ahadukum min al ghaa'it...: or one of you comes from offices of nature...[Soorat-ul-Maa'idah 5:7] along with his (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) saying There is no wudoo except from a sound or a smell. [Saheeh and has preceded (Saheeh ul Jaarni' (7443)]. He adds: So that which comes out of the front or back part of a man or woman breaks the wudoo - whether excretion or urine or wind - or a worm or pus or blood or stones or anything else and there is no difference in that for something whichhappens normally or rarely.

(2) SOUND SLEEP 

68. 'Alee ibn Abi Taalib (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said The eye is the drawstring for the anus, so he who sleeps then let him make wudoo. [Abu Dawood (no.203), Ibn Maajah (no.477), Ahmad. Declared as Saheeh by al-Albaanee]. In the hadeeth is an evidence that sleep does not in itself something that breaks wudoo , however the Purification is broken if it is possible for something to
come out from the anus - however if that is restricted, e.g. by sitting flat on the earth, then that is not the case.

(3) BECOMING UNCONSCIOUS - OTHER THAN SLEEP

That is the 'intellect' going away by any means because of insanirt or fainting or intoxication - as in this condition he does not know whether his wudoo is broken or not. This is the saying of the great majority of scholars. (Sharh Saheeh Muslim (4/74) and al-Mughnee (1/164)).

(4) TOUCHING UNCOVERED PRIVAE PART

Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said If one of you touches his penis and there is no veil between him and it nor any cover, then wudoo has become obligatory for him. [al-Haakim (1/138) and others]. (Al-Albaanee says: hadeeth Saheeh.)

Busrah (radhiAllaahu 'anhaa) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said If one of you touches his penis then let him make wudoo. [At-Tirmidhee (1/18) who said it is hasan saheeh. And also declared as Saheeh by Ahmad, alBukhaaree and Ibn Ma'een (Lum'aat ut-Tanqeeh Sharh Mishkaat ul Masaabeeh, no.319). Others also narrate it as authentic].

Talq ibn 'Alee (radhiAllaahu'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu'alaihi wa sallam) was asked about a man's touching his penis. Should he make wudoo ? He (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said And is it except a part of him? [At- Tirmidhee (no.85) and he said: And this is the best of what is reported in this regard]. AlAlbaanee says: Its isnaad is Saheeh, and this (the view that it doesn't break the wudoo) is established as being that of a group of the Sahaabah, from them: Ibn Mas'ood, 'Ammaar ibn Yaasir, and because of these Imam Ahmad gave the choice between this and the one before it. Shaikh-ul-Islaam Ibn Taimiyyah harmonized the two carrying the first to mean if he touched it with desire and this upon the touching
without desire - and there is in this hadeeth that which gives that impression and it is his (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) saying 'a part of him'. [Al-Mishkaat al Masaabeeh, notes on nos.3 19 and 320].

(5) TOUCHING A WOMAN WITH DESIRE

A man's touching a woman without desire does not break the wudoo . 'Aa'ishah (radhiAllaahu 'anhaa) says: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) prayed and I was lying in front of him as in front of a Janaazah, so when he wished to prostrate I pulled up my leg. [Al-Bukhaaree and Muslim].
73. And in the same way a woman's touching a man without desire does not break wudoo as is established from 'Aa'ishah (radhiAllaahu 'anhaa): I didn't find the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) one night so I tried to find him with my hand -and my hand fell upon his feet which were raised up as he was making prostration. [Muslim (3/203) and an-Nasaa'ee (l/101)].

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

BEGINNING WITH THE RIGHT

• That is washing the right hand before the left - and likewise the feet. 53. 'Aaishah (radhiAllaahu 'annaa) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) used to like to begin with the right in putting on shoes, combing his hair, in purification and in all of his affairs. [Al-Bukhaaree (al Fath) 1/235, Muslim (no.267) and others].
• Abu Hurairah (radhiAllaahu'anhu) narrates that the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) said When you dress and when you make wudoo , then begin withthe right. [Abu Dawood (4141), at-Tirmidhee (1766), an-Nasaa'ee (402). AlAlbaanee declares it to be saheeh].

THE DU'AA AFTER THE WUDOO

Umar ibn al-Khattaab (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alahi wa sallam) said None of you makes wudoo and completes the wudoo then
says: Ashhadu anlaa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahu laa shareekalahu washhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasooluhu (I bear witness that none has the right to
be worshipped except Allaah, and that Muhammad is His slave andMessenger) except that all eight Gates of Paradise are opened for him - so that he
enters by whichever he pleases. [Reported by Muslim (no.234), Abu Dawood (no 169), at-Tirmidhee (no.55), an-Nasaa'ee (no.148), Ibn Maajah (no.470)].

WASHING EACH BODY-PART ONCE

Ibn 'Abbaas (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) said: Rasoolullah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) made wudoo (washing each part) once. [Al-Bukhaaree (al Fath) 1/226].
WASHING EACH BODY-PART TWICE 59. 'Abdullaah ibn Zaid narrates that the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa  sallam) made wudoo (washing each part) twice. [Al-Bukhaaree (al Fath) 1/226].

WASHING EACH BODY-PART THRICE

In the hadeeth of 'Uthmaan (radhiAllaahu 'anhu) recorded by al-Bukhaaree and Muslim, he (sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam) washed each of the parts three times.
So from these ahaadeeth it becomes clear to us that, as is well-known to the  large majority of scholars, washing each body-part once is obligatory - and the second
and third washings are Sunnah - and it is better to do likewise following the Sunnah  of the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) ['al-Majmoo' of an-Nawawi, 1/229]

Anyone washing it more than thrice has transgressed the limits, as the hadeeth mentions, the Prophet
said ‘If anyone performs actions of the ablution more than
thrice, he has done wrong, transgressed, and acted wickedly.’ (Nasai, Ibn Majah) This hadeeth also indicates that in the acts of ibaadah (worship), doing more than what the Prophet
has done or taught is evil.

Dental Hygiene

• It is a Sunnah of the Prophet
  to use the tooth stick (siwak, miswak) regularly. He
  also encouraged the Muslims strongly, to use the siwak saying, ‘Were it not to be hardship on my Ummah (community of Muslims), I would have ordered them to use the siwak (tooth stick) for every ablution.’ (Malik, Shafi’, al-Baihaqi and al-Hakim).
• Mother of the believers Ai’sha  reported that the Prophet
  said, ‘The miswak purifies the mouth and is pleasing to the Lord.’ (Ahmed, Nasai, Tirmidhi). The miswak also prevents and cures many mouth diseases, due to the antiseptic and antibiotic chemicals in it. A Muslim should make a regular practice of using the miswak, as he takes the utmost care for his hygiene.

Source: Prophet’s Wudoo', Translated by Dawood Burbank, N.p., n.d. www.islamhouse.com. Web. 1 Oct. 2016.

Tayammum

In case a person does not find any water to make Wudu he can make tayammum as mentioned in the Qur’an:

"…and (if) you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and rub therewith your faces and hands, Allah does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you, and to complete His favor to you that you may be thankful." (Surah Al-Maaidah: 6)

Tayammum is defined by Dr. Muhammad Taqi-uddin Al-Hilali and Dr. Muhammad Mushin Khan 45 in their English translation of the meaning of the Noble Qur'an, as - "Strike your hands on the earth and then pass the palm of each on the back of the other and then blow off the dust from them and then pass (rub) them on your faces."[Bukhari and Muslim.] Tayammum can also be done if one is in the state of Janabah (sexual defilement) and cannot find any water. This should be sufficient for him to make AsSalaah. [Bukhari]

Prayers with one Wudu, and he wiped over Sox (Khuff).